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November 21, 2004

Back from Karachi

After a six week belated-honeymoon of sorts, during which my wife Margit and I used Karachi as a base from which to launch several short excursions including a 5-day trip to Sri Lanka, I have just returned to New York City. This trip to the city where I was born and grew up felt different to me than others. It was the first time that my wife, who is Italian, had ever been out of the first world, and my experience of Karachi was colored by her presence. For the first time, I experienced the various restrictions that women contend with in that increasingly conservative society. In Pakistan's sexually repressive culture, a Western woman (the few that are there) is simultaneously the object of hostility and desperate lust, something which made it uncomfortable to walk around in a marketplace or on the beach, and which meant that I had to make sure I was never more than a few feet from my wife, lest she be molested in some way. (As it was, nothing more serious than some catcalls and the everpresent unrelenting stares took place.)

Karachi is a more and more culturally arid place, starved for entertainment, increasingly religious, intolerant, lawless, and intellectually bankrupt. There is a small self-congratulatory elite which prides itself on its worldly sophistication at cocktail parties where smuggled Scotch greases the endless mutual admiration of the rich, and there is ecstasy and cocaine available for the raves that the children of this elite throw behind heavily guarded walls (something declaimed with great pride to me several times as proof of Karachi's modernity and refinement), but there is little sustained intellectual activity of any sort, nor a single institution of higher learning of a quality which could anchor such activity. On a given day, it is highly unlikely that there is live music to be heard anywhere, or a poetry reading, or a theater performance, or anything else for that matter (in a city of over 14 million souls!). Once in a while these things do happen, but rarely enough that the only entertainment available most of the time is dining out, or watching the proliferating channels on cable TV (the local ones being dominated by third rate sitcoms or religious programs and other unadulterated junk).

For the first time, I had the depressing feeling that I no longer belong in Karachi. It used to be my home, but we have gone separate ways. Until a few years ago, I still entertained the dream of returning to live there for a while, but unless I grow a beard and undergo a conversion to being a mullah, that is now no longer possible for me. Of all the places I have ever been in my life, the one I would least like to live in is Saudi Arabia, a place characterized entirely by violent repression of almost every playful human instinct, and by shocking hypocrisy, and Pakistan is becoming more and more like that than the culturally diverse, tolerant, and progressive society of my youth.

If I manage to collect my thoughts a bit, I may attempt to compose a longer essay about Karachi and what has happened to it in the near future. Meanwhile, Ethan Casey, an American journalist, has written a book about travelling and teaching in Pakistan, Alive and Well in Pakistan. Here's an excerpt from a review by Alex Spillius in The Telegraph:

The book starts slowly, recording his visits in the mid-1990s to Kashmir and Pakistan, when he was a fresh freelance foreign correspondent motivated to visit the area by an obsession with VS Naipaul, who travelled there extensively. His work finds itself when Casey, through the kindness of a contact, gains a temporary membership at the Gymkhana Club in Lahore, where he plays tennis with the elite, makes friends and loses 20lb.

Over post-match lemonade and tea, he explores this beguiling, confused country through its amateur tennis hands. They discuss the comparative benefits of working and living in the United States, of their culture versus his.

They discuss the dangers but merits of Islamic politics and the art of the backhand. Most importantly, they become his friends, as do his college students, who end their course with Casey with their eyes opened and their minds broadened. The author's real journey is a search for common humanity.

Read more here.

Posted by S. Abbas Raza at 02:43 PM | Permalink

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Comments

It is really sad to see and hear what is happening to people not only in Pakistan but in the entire Muslim world. Fundamentalists have taken hold of most of thee societies and they are living or forcing every one to live 1400 years ago when in their imaginations the muslim religion was pure. Worse is that they are determined to use violence to achieve their goals and take us all back many hundred years. Those of us who have seen modernity and broadened our minds have either left or are too meek to fight the zealots. Every where you turn Muslims are engaged in lawlessness, corruption, violence and opression of women and other minorities in their societies. And all in the name of their religion! Any ideas what can we do?

Posted by: Syed Tasnim Raza | Nov 22, 2004 3:44:41 PM

Most disheartening, but a brilliant post. Welcome back.

Posted by: J. M. Tyree | Nov 22, 2004 4:01:10 PM

Great post. Good to know Ethan's book is getting some attention. He's a very thoughtful guy, to the extent that his journalism knowingly invokes the self-reflective tradition that has been (mis)used by Naipaul, Theroux, and others.

Posted by: Asad | Nov 22, 2004 7:41:03 PM

I think your comments are unrepresentative of Karachi and inaccurate. Perhaps you just don't know enough about what's going on. Plays and live music go on all the time, radio is growing and thriving, the Kara film festival is South Asia's best and has aspiring Indian film makers desperately aspiring for a slot and there are some amazing new restaurants. What more do you want??? Maybe you're just a bitter guy or maybe you come from a conservative or deprived back ground??

Posted by: Zehra Raza | Aug 16, 2005 7:32:20 AM

Dear Zehra,

Thank you for your spirited defense of Karachi. I am pleased to hear your optimism about Karachi's cultural life, and I hope that you are right and I am wrong, as I was born in Karachi and grew up there, and will always love that city. What I was trying to point out was:

1) My odd experience of being there with my wife (a "white" woman, often taken to be American) and seeing things for the first time from the perspective of a woman and a foreigner, which was less than pleasant.
2) The deterioration of intellectual institutions of all sorts (such as Karachi university) in all subjects except preparing students for a few professional careers. The political science or philosophy departments, for example, which were very good in the sixties, are little more than shadows of their former selves now.
3) The lawlessness: believe it or not, it wasn't like it is now 30 years ago. There were no kidnappings, carjackings, armed robberies, murders, etc. on a daily basis. Almost everyone I know has had criminal violence touch them personally in some way. One of my friends in Karachi was kidnapped and held for ransom last year (imagine what it was like for his family). Others have suffered violent home invasions, carjackings (one friends has had three cars stolen at gunpoint), and I could continue this list for a long time. I hope that you have not personally had to deal with a situation like this, but chances are, you know someone who has.
4) I happen to be a shia muslim, and we never had the sort of sectarian tensions between shias and sunnis when I was growing up as we do now. My late father missed morning prayers one day due to illness, and it was lucky, because 22 men were shot dead in the mosque that he regularly attended, that day. This is not an isolated incident, but repeated with a depressing regularity.

I agree with you about all the new restaurants, and said that in my post above (that dining out is the only really reliable entertainment available). You are right there are some recent attempts at reviving Karachi's entertainment industry, but it is still true that the atmosphere in cinemas has become so degraded that decent families cannot go there and see a movie with their children anymore. What plays (that you speak about) are on right now? Where? I saw a play while in Karachi (it was on for 12 days and the Rs. 750 tickets were sold out on the first day they went on sale, because even the rich are starved for diversions), but this was unusual. How many citizens of Karachi can affords 750 rupee tickets anyway? As I said in the post, the elite go on in their usual way, imagining their rarified lifestyles to be all the culture a place needs (with their occasional slumming at mazaars for a qawwali, etc.).

Maybe I am a bitter guy. Maybe there is some reason to be bitter. I think there is. As for your wondering about my being from a conservative or deprived background, I urge you, first of all, to rethink your contempt for the deprived. Cities don't exist only to serve the rich, after all. I have never thought of myself as particularly conservative, but if deploring the terror of daily criminal violence, or bemoaning the lack of solid intellectual institutions, or protesting savage sectarian intolerance makes me a conservative, then I am happy to sport that label.

You will perhaps be happy to know, Zehra, that on this site we have a multiplicity of views on most subjects, and Karachi is no exception. Maybe this more optimistic report on the state of Karachi is what you wish to hear: Karachi Dispatch.

I thank you, again, for your comment. Stay in touch.

Yours,

Abbas

Posted by: Abbas Raza | Aug 16, 2005 3:19:00 PM

Dear Abbas,

Thanks for your reply.

I would rethink my contempt for the deprived as you put it, if I, like you, equated the word deprived with the poverty stricken elements of our society. When I suggested you could be deprived, I was using the word in it's most general sense, in this case implying you might be deprived of having an open mind!

Your problem is that you just haven't spent enough time in Karachi lately. There is a new chain of cinemas opening soon, http://www.cinepax.com, and Pakistan has just opened its first biodiversity park, which you can read about on www.pakpositive.com. Things are growing, changing, evolving. Give it a chance!

By the way, I am a Shia too and I understand the issues you face, but that is part and parcel of the whole damned terrorism and violence going on all over the world at the moment. Something needs to be done about the fundos, for sure, but don't blame Karachi for it!

Anyway, thanks for your well thought out reply and keep in touch.

All the best,

Zehra.

Posted by: Zehra Raza | Aug 17, 2005 12:06:04 PM

Dear Zehra,

Thanks again, and especially for pointing out pakpositive.com which I checked out, and it is a really nice site. You, and others, have convinced me that perhaps there is a very real and heartening upward trend in cultural activities in Karachi. This is encouraging and good to hear.

Maybe I came across as someone who hates Karachi, while I was only trying to express my personal depression at a certain kind of deterioration that has occured there in the last 25 years, and this is undeniable. You may be too young to remember, but in the seventies, as a child, I and my friends could ride around on our bikes miles away from home, roam and explore the neighborhoods near our house, and even at very young ages, go and buy candy or ice-cream for ourselves. Nowdays, parents are afraid to let their kids out of the house alone. This is just one symptom of the violent lawlessness that has become endemic to Karachi. You say that I haven't spent enough time in Karachi. This may be true (though I was there for several weeks again in January). But it might also be true that you have spent too much time there. What I mean by this is the following: while there, I noticed that because the negative changes in atmosphere have occured gradually, and people cannot do much to prevent them anyway, they keep making what adjustments they can (hiring security guards, not letting their children out alone, etc., etc.), eventually getting used to the new situation to the point that they don't even notice their lack of freedom anymore. Sometimes you need an outside perspective to see these things, but then, any criticism from someone on the outside can be taken as an offense. Being from Karachi, and having many family members there, I never thought of myself as an outsider, just as someone who can bring a critical perspective to the situation, at times perhaps more than the people who are immersed in Karachi's daily life.

As for your saying that the violence in Karachi "is part and parcel of the whole damned terrorism and violence going on all over the world at the moment," I can only tell you that most of my friends here in NYC, or for that matter in Delhi, or Bombay, or Columbo, or London, or Helsinki, do not have stories to tell of how they were kidnapped, beaten, robbed, etc., while most of my friends (and family) in Karachi do. Protestants are not bombing Catholic churches with a disturbing frequency in NY. I feel safer going to the Khoee Center in Queens for a majlis than I do going to Patel Park in Karachi. (When my father died earlier this year, I went to pick up Allama Abbas Kumaily from his residence near Patel Park for the soyem majlis. His house was surrounded by armed guards, two of whom got in the car with us, then urged me not to stop at any red traafic signals because assassins on motorcycles might draw up alongside. It was quite an interesting ride and I felt like we were fleeing bank robbers or something!) Despite the fact that all these cities have suffered violent acts of terrorism in recent times, there is NOT a constant air of extreme lawlessness, the way there is about Karachi. The fastest growing sector of the economy in these cities has NOT been security services, the way it has in Karachi. Doctors and other professionals are not routinely targeted for assassination by sectarian groups in these cities, the way they are in Karachi. Owners of businesses of all sizes (from shops to factories) have complained to me in Karachi about the fact that they are routinely threatened with violence by well-armed "Ghundas", members of political parties (MQM being number one in this activity), and even some of their own workers. The police cannot help them, and some of them want to leave Karachi because of this. Even officers of the military do not feel safe, and many have hellish stories of armed robbery, etc. to tell. One of my friends who owns a large textile factory in Karachi owns a large Mercedes car, but goes around driving in a beaten up old Corolla because he doesn't want to bring attention to himself. This is what depressed me about Karachi. And it is more depressing because it wasn't always this way. And perhaps even more depressing that many people now even refuse to admit that there is a problem at all (perhaps out of a misplaced sense of pride). I have always felt that we must acknowledge the problems we have openly before we can begin solving them. I am glad to hear of the upcoming new cinema chain, however.

As for having an open mind, well, accusing each other of not having one won't get this discussion far, and I don't like to make ad hominem attacks, so I'll just leave you to make up your own mind about the openness of mine. Look, Zehra, I did not mean to belittle Karachi, or its many, many good citizens who try so hard to improve conditions there. If I came across that way, I am sorry.

You seem an intelligent person who is hopeful and optimistic about her city, and I wish you and my beloved Karachi the best, as always. Thank you very much, once again, for pointing out some of the more positive trends there.

Yours,

Abbas

Posted by: Abbas Raza | Aug 17, 2005 5:58:19 PM

Just a few thoughts...for discussion, not to diss either of you

A few restaurants and a couple of public 'attractions' are not going to make the real problem of Karachi go away. Zehra, I am an optimist but not an idealist, so while I believe things can always get better I will not be pacified by these new attractions. Abbas (great name, by the way), you are right to point out the obvious failings of an open society in Karachi as a whole, but tht does not make the city any lesser a place. Karachi is a ****ing great place to be, if you can handle yourself, and take the inevitable negativity of certain elements of the environment in stride. Can we agree on this?

p.s. why are there so many Raza/Reza's on this post?

Posted by: Abbas Reza | Aug 25, 2006 1:13:28 PM

I am Bashir . I am Living Karachi Since from 3 Months & Right Now I Dont HAve any . Plz Give me any Chance . So i shall be thankfull to you.
thanks.

Posted by: Bashir | Aug 29, 2006 7:49:06 AM

Bashir-

Whats the problem, chief?

Posted by: Abbas Reza | Sep 3, 2006 2:54:23 PM

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